Install SNMP di Ubuntu server
Install paket SNMP# sudo apt-get install snmp snmpd
$ sudo apt-get install snmp-mibs-downloader
buat file snmpd.conf baru :
mv /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.org
buat file baru di /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf isi dengan :
rocommunity public syslocation DataCenter syscontact admin@pla.net
Buat snmpd membaca file snmpd yang baru dibuat untuk membaca semua interface
Edit /etc/default/snmpd
Ubah dari :
# snmpd options (use syslog, close stdin/out/err). SNMPDOPTS='-Lsd -Lf /dev/null -u snmp -I -smux -p /var/run/snmpd.pid 127.0.0.1'
Menjadi :
# snmpd options (use syslog, close stdin/out/err). #SNMPDOPTS='-Lsd -Lf /dev/null -u snmp -I -smux -p /var/run/snmpd.pid 127.0.0.1' SNMPDOPTS='-Lsd -Lf /dev/null -u snmp -I -smux -p /var/run/snmpd.pid -c /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf'
dan restart snmpd
/etc/init.d/snmpd restart
Test dengan :
[root@op5 ~]# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public -O e ibsen SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux ibsen 2.6.27-9-generic #1 SMP Thu Nov 20 21:57:00 UTC 2008 i686 SNMPv2-MIB::sysObjectID.0 = OID: NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpAgentOIDs.10 DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (68869) 0:11:28.69 SNMPv2-MIB::sysContact.0 = STRING: peter@it-slav.net SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: ibsen SNMPv2-MIB::sysLocation.0 = STRING: "PDC, Peters DataCenter" SNMPv2-MIB::sysORLastChange.0 = Timeticks: (1) 0:00:00.01 SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.1 = OID: SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB::snmpFrameworkMIBCompliance SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.2 = OID: SNMP-MPD-MIB::snmpMPDCompliance SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.3 = OID: SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB::usmMIBCompliance SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.4 = OID: SNMPv2-MIB::snmpMIB SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.5 = OID: TCP-MIB::tcpMIB SNMPv2-MIB::sysORID.6 = OID: IP-MIB::ip
Melihat Informasi Network
snmptable -v 2c -c public -Cb localhost IF-MIB::ifTable SNMP table: IF-MIB::ifTable
Index Descr Type Mtu Speed PhysAddress AdminStatus
1 lo softwareLoopback 16436 10000000 up
2 eth0 ethernetCsmacd 1500 0 52:54:0:c7:69:58 up
3 eth1 ethernetCsmacd 1500 0 52:54:0:a7:a3:24 down$ snmpwalk localhost IF-MIB::ifDescr
IF-MIB::ifDescr.1 = STRING: lo IF-MIB::ifDescr.2 = STRING: eth0 IF-MIB::ifDescr.3 = STRING: eth1 ~]$snmpwalk localhost IF-MIB::ifOutOctetsIF-MIB::ifOutOctets.1 = Counter32: 10060699 IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.2 = Counter32: 650 IF-MIB::ifOutOctets.3 = Counter32: 0 ~]$snmpwalk localhost IF-MIB::ifInOctetsIF-MIB::ifInOctets.1 = Counter32: 10060699 IF-MIB::ifInOctets.2 = Counter32: 78650 IF-MIB::ifInOctets.3 = Counter32: 0
High Speed interfaces
For high-speed interfaces (100Mbps or above) you should use 64-bit counters if the device supports them:
ifHCInOctets:1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.6(64-bit Octets in counter)ifHCOutOctets:1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.10(64-bit Octets out counter)ifHCInUcastPkts:1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.7(64-bit Packets in counter)ifHCOutUcastPkts:1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.11(64-bit Packets out counter)ifHighSpeed:1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.15(An estimate of the interface's current bandwidth in units of 1Mbps)
Lower speed interfaces can get by with 32-bit counters. If you use 32-bit counters on high-speed interfaces, they can wrap quickly; a 10 Mbps stream of back-to-back, full-size packets causes
ifInOctets to wrap in just over 57 minutes. At 100 Mbps, the minimum wrap time is 5.7 minutes, and at 1 Gbps, the minimum is 34 seconds Note 1ifInOctets:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10(32-bit Octets in counter)ifOutOctets:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.16(32-bit Octets out counter)ifInUcastPkts:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.11(32-bit Packets in counter)ifOutUcastPkts:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.17(32-bit Packets out counter)ifSpeed:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.5(Currently negotiated speed of the interface - Max: 4.294 Gbps)
Table . Available OIDs
| OID | Description |
|---|---|
HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSystem
| Contains general system information such as uptime, number of users, and number of running processes. |
HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrStorage
| Contains data on memory and file system usage. |
HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrDevices
| Contains a listing of all processors, network devices, and file systems. |
HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSWRun
| Contains a listing of all running processes. |
HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSWRunPerf
| Contains memory and CPU statistics on the process table from HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSWRun. |
HOST-RESOURCES-MIB::hrSWInstalled
| Contains a listing of the RPM database. |
contoh :
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost HOST-RESOURCE-MIB::hrSystem contoh command yang lain : $ snmpnetstat -v 2c -c public -t 100 -Cn -Cp tcp localhost
Active Internet (tcp) Connections
Proto Local Address Remote Address (state)
tcp *.* *.* CLOSED
tcp *.32806 *.* CLOSED
tcp *.33103 *.* CLOSED
tcp *.33332 *.* CLOSED
tcp 127.0.0.1.8009 127.0.0.1.51617 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.8009 127.0.0.1.51618 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.31000 127.0.0.1.32000 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.31002 127.0.0.1.32001 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.32000 127.0.0.1.31000 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.32001 127.0.0.1.31002 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.51617 127.0.0.1.8009 ESTABLISHED
tcp 127.0.0.1.51618 127.0.0.1.8009 ESTABLISHED MONITOR PEMAKAIAN HARDDISK
Disk Statistics
Edit snmpd.conf.
Tambahkan (assuming a machine with a single ‘/' partition) :
disk / 100000
atau
includeAllDisks 10% untuk memonitor semua disk
OIDs untuk disk :
Path where the disk is mounted: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.2.1
Path of the device for the partition: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.3.1
Total size of the disk/partion (kBytes): .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.6.1
Available space on the disk: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.7.1
Used space on the disk: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.8.1
Percentage of space used on disk: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.9.1
Percentage of inodes used on disk: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.10.1
#snmpget -v 1 -c "community" target_name_or_ip .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.1.9.1Load
1 minute Load: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.1.3.1
5 minute Load: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.1.3.2
15 minute Load: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.1.3.3
CPU
percentage of user CPU time: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11.9.0
raw user cpu time: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11.50.0
percentages of system CPU time: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11.10.0
raw system cpu time: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11.52.0
percentages of idle CPU time: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11.11.0
raw idle cpu time: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11.53.0
raw nice cpu time: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.11.51.0
Memory Statistics
Total Swap Size: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.3.0
Available Swap Space: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.4.0
Total RAM in machine: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.5.0
Total RAM used: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.6.0
Total RAM Free: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.11.0
Total RAM Shared: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.13.0
Total RAM Buffered: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.14.0
Total Cached Memory: .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.15.0
Here is a sample structure of an OID
Iso (1).org(3).dod(6).internet(1).private(4).transition(868).products(2).chassis(4).card(1).slotCps(2)
.cpsSlotSummary(1).cpsModuleTable(1).cpsModuleEntry(1).cpsModuleModel(3).3562.3
Perl SNMP
modul yang digunakan :use Net::SNMP;
use Net::SNMP::Interfaces; link install CPAN modul di Ubuntu : deb.perl.it/ubuntu/cpan-deb/
jika error install semua kebutuhan development di Ubuntu apt-get install build essential 
